Forensic medicine is a pluralistic specialty because it applies the knowledge of the different branches of medicine to the needs of law. But it`s science and art at the same time. It is science because it coordinates and systematizes common truths to form an orderly and doctrinal multitude; It is art because it employs techniques, methods and tactics that lead to the required practical mission, which is to clarify the truth. Forensic medicine is the meeting of medical and paramedical knowledge and practices focused on issues of jurisprudence in order to support the development, interpretation and enforcement of various legal provisions related to the field of applied medicine. It is the branch of forensic medicine dedicated to the study of the identity and identification of an individual. Its objectives include the identification of human remains and, if possible, the causes and circumstances of death by examining bones and injuries. For this, resources such as typing, iridology, papilloscopy and DNA testing are used. Post-mortem analyses to determine cause and date of death, intra-vitam and post-mortem injuries, toxicological reports, fluid and viscera analyses, projectile extraction and exhumation. Forensic medicine is an accompanying medical and legal field that uses the technical and scientific discoveries of medicine to clarify facts of interest to the judiciary. «It is the contribution of medicine, technology and related sciences to questions of law, to the drafting of laws, to the administration of justice and to the consolidation of doctrine» (Genival Veloso de France) Forensic medicine can be classified as follows: Forensic medicine has a wide application in case law, whether criminal, civil or labour, assists in law enforcement and enables the judiciary to comply with its social and constitutional mandate. The judiciary, from the investigation phase to the procedural sector, needs evidence that is carried out in cooperation with medical experts as accomplices of the judiciary.
In the past, although forensic pathology was part of the curriculum of medical schools, it was limited to tanatology. Indeed, throughout history, the role of doctors has always been to provide medical care to sick or traumatized people, without assessing certain fundamental aspects of a legal nature, such as collecting traces of crimes or analyzing the consequences of cases of violence, often neglected, for example. This failure has inadvertently deprived the right to receive evidence in the case of secondary violations arising from legal issues, be they criminal, civil, labour or otherwise. However, if you don`t know what this specialty looks like and what its differences are for other segments of medicine, don`t worry. In this article, you will learn all the details of this career and what you need to do if you want to trade in it. Follow! In the Justinian digest, medicine and law were separated, and forensic medicine is seen in the first intrinsic case, in the provision that recommended that «Medici non sunt proprie testes, sed magis est judicium quam testimonium». Other Roman laws had topics related to forensic expertise. Forensic asphyxia – analyzes accidental or criminal forms, homicides and autocides, suffocation from a medical and legal point of view (esanganadura, strangulation, drowning, burial, etc.). Signs of France, found in the esganadura, represented by the rupture of the inner tunic, infiltrated by blood into the common carotid artery, near the fork, in the form of a crescent with inward or inward concavity; The coroner`s career is only possible through a public call for tenders.
Therefore, you need to acquire academic qualifications and know when the government or police authorities in your area will open new vacancies. Finally, forensic work is often used to initiate, prosecute or complete investigations involving crimes against a person`s physical integrity (with permanent or non-permanent damage) or resulting in death (intentional or unintentional). This process we have just described is called an autopsy. It is a time-consuming activity, requires extreme care in the treatment of the human body and requires a thorough knowledge of anatomy, physiology, biology and chemistry. Would you like to know more about the field of forensic medicine, its specialties and the job market for those who want to devote themselves to this career? Click below and register now for IEFAP`s graduate program in forensic medicine and medical expertise! It is the branch of forensic medicine dedicated to the study of the medical and legal aspects of the causes of bodily injury caused by physical or psychological trauma. However, this specialist may also pursue an academic career, work as a university professor in medical and legal studies, or work in private law firms. In addition, those who wish to work in this field must also be familiar with the legal field and be able to cope with bureaucratic processes that often take time. He contributes to prison law when his studies converge with the psychology of the prisoner with regard to the granting of parole and prison psychosexuality. The specialty of forensic medicine focuses on the study of the health and mental integrity of the individual and his ability to accept acts of civil life or to be held criminally responsible for his attitudes.
The first must be aware of the question in order to know first of all how to ask, formulate the questionable questions and even more how to interpret the reports, that is, what the doctor answered. For doctors, basic minimum knowledge, doctrinal knowledge, do not need to know complicated techniques and methods that concern only experts, analysts, toxicologists, sexologists, etc. In the last century, however, major changes have been made to our society that have changed the scope of forensic medicine and other forensic sciences, particularly with regard to their social role. Among these changes, it stands out: Hello Viviane! The function is unique to physicians who have been. Forensic medicine comprises a wide range of services at the interface between scientific practice and law and is currently situated in the field of social medicine. Forensics, as comprehensive as it is fascinating, includes studies in various fields. Get to know some of the most important ones. Thus, it is assumed that it is forensic medicine as a social science, not only the diagnosis of the case, but also the contribution through expertise to the «therapy» of situations and, above all, to their prevention and rehabilitation/reintegration/reintegration. The main objective of the scientific discipline is to study issues related to sexual relations and their impact on legal issues. Very important to solve sex crimes. Un médico forense es un doctor con un diploma médico, con formación especializada, una certificación de la junta en patología y una capacitación en patología forense (la subespecialidad de patología y medicina que trata muertes repentinas y/o no naturales).
The first signs of a close relationship between medicine and law date back to the archives of antiquity. Among ancient peoples, power was exercised by force, but it also emanated from rulers who wielded special power, a result of their alleged relationship with the gods – the priests. Since they were considered divine representatives and agents of their will, they dictated standards that had to be followed so that the good Fados could accompany the group. Thanks to the supernatural powers they claimed to possess, they were called upon to intervene frequently when the wrath of the gods, externalized in the form of illness, was defeated by the members of these communities. At that time, the priest, the interpreter of the divine will, invoked the same relationship to frighten evil spirits and heal the sick. For this, prayers were used, sacrifices offered and used through the use of medicinal herbs, which really came from the art of healing. The herald of divine laws was at the same time legislator, judge and physician. These situations may, for example, involve the investigation of fatal or non-fatal cases of violent situations (collection of traces; differential diagnosis between a criminal, accidental or natural etiology; definition of temporary and permanent consequences for the victim of trauma), assessment of the state of drug addiction, determination of sex, identification of corpses or remains, determination of imputability, investigation of solition, research on the abuse of drugs or other toxic drugs in biological samples, etc. Crime experts, on the other hand, look for traces in places, materials, objects and even people that are used as evidence for criminal proceedings related to homicide, suicide, assault, rape, drunkenness and others. According to the Medical Demographics 2018 study, there are 827 forensic pathologists in Brazil today.
In the same year, 15 vacancies were vacated for the program, 5 per year of residence. Therefore, competitions are increasingly controversial and good preparation is essential for those who want to succeed in the profession.