Greco-Roman wrestling is one of many forms of amateur wrestling practiced internationally. Other wrestling disciplines sanctioned by United World Wrestling are: men`s freestyle wrestling, women`s freestyle wrestling, grappling (submission wrestling), pankrace, alysh (belt rings), pahlavani wrestling and beach wrestling. [5] Therefore, wrestlers must rely heavily on their upper body to gain an advantage over freestyle wrestling. The game takes place on a round carpet made of thick rubber that absorbs shocks to ensure safety. For the Olympic Games, all World Championships and World Cups, the carpet must be new. The main wrestling area has a diameter of nine meters and is surrounded by a 1.5-meter-long border of the same thickness, known as the «sanctuary». In the circle with a diameter of nine meters is a red stripe one meter wide, located at the outer edge of the circle and called «red zone». The red zone is used to indicate the passivity of a wrestler. Therefore, it is also called the «passivity zone». In the red zone is the «central control zone» with a diameter of seven meters. In the middle of the central wrestling zone is the «central circle», which has a diameter of one meter. The central circle is surrounded by a 10-centimeter-wide strip and is divided into two halves by an eight-centimeter-wide red line. The diagonally opposite corners of the mat are marked with the wrestlers` colors, red and blue.
[24] A typical international wrestling tournament is conducted by direct elimination, with an ideal number of wrestlers (4, 8, 16, 32, 64, etc.) competing for placement in each weight class and age group. The competition in each weight class takes place over one day. [17] The day before the fight in a planned weight class and age group, all affected wrestlers are examined and weighed by a doctor. Each wrestler, after being weighed on the scales, then randomly draws a token that totals a certain number. [18] If a wrestler takes a timeout that was not forced by a hemorrhage, his opponent receives a penalty point. These types of points can also be awarded to opponents if a wrestler breaks the rules in any way, such as illegal moves such as hitting or grabbing below the waist. Sometimes the referee issues a warning to a wrestler or disqualifies them completely for repeated violations. Punishment ordered on the ground or passivity often plays a major role in Greco-Roman wrestling fights. A match is a competition between two individual wrestlers in the same weight class. In Greco-Roman wrestling, a jury (or team) of three officials (referees) is used. The referee controls the action in the middle, whistles the action to start and stop the action and supervises the evaluation of breaking points and violations.
The judge sits on the edge of the mat, keeps the score and sometimes gives consent when the referee needs various decisions. The presiding mat sits at the points table, keeps his time, is responsible for declaring technical superiority and supervises the work of the referee and referee. To declare a fall, two of the three officials must agree (usually the referee and the judge or presiding mat). The British never really appreciated Greco-Roman wrestling over its less restrictive counterpart, freestyle wrestling, and neither did the Americans, despite the efforts of William Muldoon (a New York bar freestyle wrestler who served in the German-French War and learned the style in France) to promote it in the United States after the Civil War. On the European continent, the style was strongly promoted. Almost every capital city in continental Europe hosted international Greco-Roman tournaments in the 19th century, with winners receiving plenty of cash prizes. For example, the Russian tsar paid 500 francs for wrestlers to participate in his tournament, with 5,000 francs awarded as prizes to the winner of the tournament. Greco-Roman wrestling quickly became prestigious in continental Europe[7] and was the first style to be recorded at the modern Olympics, beginning in Athens in 1896 with a heavyweight fight,[10] and gaining popularity in the 20th century.
It has always been presented at the Olympic Games, except during the 1900 Paris Olympics[8] and the 1904 St. Louis Olympics, when freestyle first appeared as an Olympic sport. If the referee believes that a wrestler is passive, he will issue a verbal warning to that wrestler on the first offense. In freestyle wrestling, the passive wrestler is placed on a 30-second shooting clock for the second violation. If neither wrestler scores at the end of those 30 seconds, the opponent of the passive wrestler receives a point and the passive wrestler receives a warning. If none of the participants have scored after the first two minutes of the opening phase of a free trade, the referee is required to appoint a passive wrestler and put him on the shooting clock. In an international wrestling tournament, teams compete with one wrestler in each weight class and earn points based on their individual performances. For example, if a wrestler takes first place in the 60 kg category, his team receives 10 points. If he finished tenth, the team would only get one. At the end of the tournament, each team`s score is counted and the teams are then placed first, second, third, etc. [44] At the Tokyo Games, there were six weight classes – 60 kg, 67 kg, 77 kg, 87 kg, 97 kg, 130 kg. There are two types of Olympic wrestling, although the rules for both are virtually identical.
The main difference is that a wrestler in the Greco-Roman zone is not allowed to attack his opponent below the waist or use his own legs to trip, lift or perform other holds. In freestyle, the arms and legs are used to perform grips. Wrestlers earn points when they pin their opponent, push them out of the frame, or gain an advantage in the wrestling process. The one with the most points at the end of the three rounds is the winner. Wrestlers are divided into weight classes to ensure a fair fight. Wrestlers in the same weight classes compete against each other, with a determined winner in each group. In Greco-Roman wrestling and freestyle wrestling, points are usually awarded on the basis of explosive actions and risks. For example, if a wrestler makes a large pitch that puts his opponent in a dangerous position, he gets the most points that can be scored in a case. Even a wrestler who takes the risk of briefly rolling on the mat (with his shoulders in contact with the mat) could give his opponent a number of points. Scoring can be achieved in the following ways: Greco-Roman (American English), Greco-Roman (British English), classical wrestling (Euro English)[2] or French wrestling (in Russia until 1948)[3] is a style of wrestling practiced worldwide.
Greco-Roman wrestling was included in the first modern Olympic Games in 1896 and has been represented in every edition of the Summer Olympics since 1904. [4] This type of wrestling prohibits holding below the waist, which is the main characteristic that distinguishes it from freestyle wrestling (the other form of organized wrestling at the Olympic Games). This restriction results in a focus on throws, as a wrestler cannot use travel to bring an opponent to the ground or hook/grab the opponent`s leg to avoid being thrown. Greco-Roman wrestling has a certain set of rules that distinguish it from other forms of wrestling. A wrestler cannot profit from the use of illegal possession. If the illegal suspension helps him score points, all the action will be removed and he will be punished. If the illegal catch does not prevent the opponent from scoring points, the opponent receives the points he has earned plus a one-point penalty. There are no negatives in the fight, so any illegal action by a participant will result in the opponent being awarded a point. Challenges may arise in situations where the coach believes that the opposing wrestler has incorrectly awarded points or that the referee has not mistakenly awarded points to the coach`s wrestler. However, the bowling and penalties granted for passive wrestling cannot be disputed. Disputes must be submitted within five seconds of the relevant score (or lack thereof).
There is also passivity in freestyle wrestling, but there is a clear difference in how they play out in the two formats. Here`s everything you need to know about Greco-Roman wrestling. Wrestlers who have subsequently remained undecided receive tied placements. Wrestlers who compete from the fifth to the 10th century. Place are classified, receive a special diploma. The wrestling tournaments of the Olympic Games as well as the Senior and Junior World Championships take place over three days on three mats. [23] Professional struggles in Greco-Roman wrestling were known for their great brutality. Body slaps, chokeholds, and headbutts were allowed, and even corrosive substances were used to weaken the opponent. At the end of the 19th century, it was forbidden to cut nails, strike and break arms around the opponent`s belly. Greco-Roman games were also famous for their length. Professionally, it was not uncommon for there to be matches that lasted two or three hours. William Muldoon`s fight with Clarence Whistler at the Terrace Garden Theater in New York lasted eight hours before ending in a draw.
Even at the 1912 Olympics, a fight between Martin Klein of Russia (Estonia) and Alfred Asikainen of Finland lasted eleven hours and forty minutes before Martin Klein won. He received the silver medal because he was too tired to compete in the final the next day.